在许多应用中，数据链路6AV63812BP074AV0之间需要(甚至是必要的)非直接的(导电)连接，从而在
提供数据的同时避免来自系统某-部分的危险电压 (或电流)对其另一部分造成破坏，造成
这种破坏性失效的可能是电源质量低劣、接地故障、雷击和浪涌等各种故障。此外，通信节
点的间距可能相当大，常常由不同接地区域的AC插座来给这些节点供电，这些接地区域之
间的电位差(可能含有DC偏压、50HZ 的AC谐波和各种瞬态噪声分量)也会造成破坏。
在实际工程使用中，经常发生通过电缆逻辑接地或屏蔽将这些地线连接在一-起的情况, 可能
形成接地环路，且电流将流入该电缆。接地环路电流会对通信产生严重影响(包括数据恶化、
EMI过大、元件损坏)，当电位差足够大时，人体就有遭受电击的可能。
一般在两种情况”下会采用隔离技术:第一种情况是: 在有可能存在损坏设备或危害人员的潜
在电流浪涌时。如医疗上的应用、电机控制、总线隔离等方面。第二种情况是:必须避免存
在不同地位和分裂的接地回路的互连。两种情况都是采用隔离来避免电流流过，而允许两点
之间有数据或功率传送。
电路隔离的主要目的是通过隔离元器件把噪声干扰的路径切断,从而达 到抑制噪声干扰的
效果,使电子电气设备符合电磁兼容性的要求。数据链路西门子6AV63812BP074AV0电路隔离主要有:模拟电路的隔离、数字电
路的隔离、数字电路 与模拟电路之间的隔离。所使用的隔离方法有:变压器隔离法、脉冲
变压器隔离法、继电器隔离法、光电耦合 器隔离法、直流电压隔离法、 线性隔离放大器
隔离法、光纤隔离法、 A/D 转换器隔离法等。
说直观一点就是如果产品的使用环境比较复杂(比如工业环境)，或沙及到多个不同电源供
电系统之前的相互通讯(比如RS232. RS485. CAN等各种通讯接口)都需要(甚至是必.
须)隔离。
电子电路中的隔离会涉及到三个方面的隔离:
第一是电源的隔离，一般会选择DC-DC隔离电源模块。
第二是信号、数据的隔离，这- -点我们会在以后的文章中介绍。
第三是地的隔离，隔离前侧的地(GND)与后侧的地(GNDISO) 是不可以连接在- -起的，
但有些不得不连接在一-起的场合，我们可以选用磁珠或0欧电阻放在两个地之间。
关于电子电路中的隔离基本概念先写到这里，下篇我们要介绍电子电路中模拟电路的隔离。
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