一、油冷却器简介
油冷却器是电力系统中普遍使用的一种油冷却设备,同时也适用于冶金、化工、矿山、轻工及重工等部门。主要用于设备润滑油,变速系统油变器油,汽轮机油及磨煤油的油系统中循环冷却。
目前,国内生产的冷油器都是一个模式,经过多年来的实践这种冷油机的缺点很多;体积大,冷却效果差,密封复杂,维修难。我公司科研人员研发的一种新型冷油器,具有冷却效果好,出口油温度接近水温,结构简单,操作方便,体积小等特点。
二、油冷却器结构特点
我公司科研究人员研究的新型冷油器已获国家砖利,并一家生产。该设备具有结构简单,维修拆卸方便,密封简容可靠(油,水无密封结构),体积小,换热率高(出口油温和水温度比较相近)。
1、 采用不锈钢管( 1Cr18Ni9Ti )作为换热管,具有承压性能好,寿命长。
2、 采用氩气保护焊代替传统胀接结构,根除泄露。
3、 油水隔离采用无密封结构,彻底根除油水相串现象。
4、 采用新的换热形式,油水相对运行,同时利用液体热轻冷重原理,从而提高换热效率,实现出口油温和水温相近,一般 >2-3 0 C ,同时还可以利用冷却水阀门调控出口油温。
5、 由于结构先进,上水室无要设排气阀门,操作等简单。
6、 维修方便。由于其结构先进,无油水密封,拆开上下水室即可清理,拆卸十分方便。
三、油冷却器的选定
1、热交换量Q(Kcal/h)。发热量大于散热量,相差的热量若用冷却器则可防止油温上升,此称为冷却器的热交换量Q,根据此Q选定冷却器,计算所用记号如表A。Q=(T1-T2)*60*O.85*0.45*WS=(t2-t1)*60*1*1*Wt
2、冷却水出口温度t2(度)。相对于冷却水出口温度的冷却水量的比率油: 冷却水=1:0.5~1 (注)此时冷却水的流速(冷却水出入配管内流速)须在0.5~1.5m/s的范围t2=Q/60*WT+t1(度)
3、平均温度差tm(度)。以作动油与冷却水出口、入口温度差为基准,求对数平均温度差tm。
4、传热面积A(m平方)A=Q/(tm*K) 。液压管路中的油液,由于其相互间的摩擦及油与管壁之间的摩擦所生成的热,是油温上升,一般而言石油系的液压油限于55度,在此温度以上时,由于粘度减低,增加漏油,阀的性能降低,泵的效率也下降,油的劣化等问题也随之而生,为防止以上缺点,故使用冷却器。
5、总括传热系数K(Kcal/平方m度.h)
6、由马达输出功率,算出必要交换热量。发热量E=输出功率W*860。交换必要热量Q=Ex 热交换系数一般机械无热源者取0.4~0.6;塑胶机械、压铸机械等有热源者取0.6~0.8 。
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