1734-OV8E
1734-OV8E
1734-OV8E
1734-OV8E
液晶屏幕在控保单元人机交互系统中担负着传递控保单元信息至用户的任务。为了使操作简单方便，液晶屏幕信息的显示采用了分层菜单结构，辅以上/下移动选择键、确认键、取消键就可完成整个菜单的完全检索。菜单结构是建立在“页面”的基础上的，所谓“页面”，指的是液晶上显示的一屏，由两部分组成：静态文本和动态数据。静态文本包括说明性的文字及提示信息等，由汉字和字符组成，在人机交互软件中是用字符串来表示的；动态数据指实时刷新的数值或可由用户修改的信息，在人机交互软件中是用数值变量来表示的，液晶页面根据其组成的不同可分为以下几类：
《联系人；欧先生》
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《传真：0592-5917519》
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《QQ ：2479261344》
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(1)纯文本页面。如目录，这类页面不包括数据，因此显示时只要刷新一次即可。
(2)文本+实时数据页面。如测量电量显示页面，这类页面由于包含实时刷新的数据，显示时，数据显示部分须不断刷新以保持实时有效，但用户不能通过键盘对数据进行修改等操作。
(3)文本+可修改数据页面。如定值修改页面，这类页面包含的可修改数据可由用户通过键盘的数字键进行改动。
(4)帮助信息页面。如错误操作警告等，这类页面通常由纯文本组成，但与以上3类页面都不同的是页面在显示一段时间后会自动切换到引起该帮助信息的页面。
2 以页面为对象的控保单元人机交互设计
2.1 Windows应用程序界面与控保单元界面相似之处
Windows应用程序的设计过程是典型的面向对象的设计方法，同时Windows应用程序“窗口”界面与控保单元人机交互界面有很大相似之处：(1)窗口通过消息响应机制响应键盘或鼠标等输入设备的输入信息，而在控保单元的某个页面也是响应键盘的输入；(2)两者都是在一简单的while()循环中响应外部输入的；(3)都用多层嵌套的switchcase语句来决定某一消息对应进行何种操作［2］。由此，自然想到借鉴Windows应用程序的设计思路设计控保单元人机界面。当然，在单片机上设计菜单不同于Windows环境下软件的开发，因为许多Windows内部的消息响应机制以及由Windows封装的数据结构、对象和标准处理函数，在单片机系统中统统不存在［1］。尽管如此，设计控保单元人机界面时仍然可以借鉴大量的Windows程序开发思路。
2.2 控保单元页面
控保单元的页面与Windows应用程序中的窗口有很多相似之处。首先页面处理的核心也是一个循环机制，它一直运行并响应外部有效按键输入，直到得到切换窗口的键码。这与Windows窗口消息循环机制有很大相似之处；当然，基于单片机的页面按键响应机制不能借用Windows的消息响应机制，而只能每得到一个按键响应就处理一个。一
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